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PROPERTY LAWS

Article 11 identifies the Creator and Owner of planet earth. We are all tenants here on earth.

ARTICLE 11

YAHWEH IS THE OWNER OF PLANET EARTH

And Moses said unto him, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands unto Yahweh; and the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that you may know how that the earth is Yahweh’s. Exod 9:29

Now therefore, if you will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then you shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine: Exod 19:5

Strong's Definition

Now therefore- 6256 `eth (ayth); from 5703; time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc.: KJV-- + after, [al-] ways, X certain, + continually, + evening, long, (due) season, so [long] as, [even-, evening-, noon-] tide, ([meal-]), what) time, when.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

6256 `eth-

Time

a) time (used of an event)

b) time (usual)

c) experiences, fortunes

d) occurrence, occasion

5703 `ad (ad); from 5710; properly, a (peremptory) terminus, i.e. (by implication) duration, in the sense of advance or perpetuity (substantially as a noun, either with or without a preposition): KJV-- eternity, ever (-lasting, -more), old, perpetually, + world without end.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5703 `ad-

perpetuity, forever, continuing future

a) ancient (used of past time)

b) forever (used of future time); used of continuous existence

c) forever (used of God's existence)

5710 `adah (aw-daw'); a primitive root; to advance, i.e. pass on or continue; causatively, to remove; specifically, to bedeck (i.e. bring an ornament upon): KJV-- adorn, deck (self), pass by, take away.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5710 `adah-

to pass on, to advance, to go on, to pass by, to remove

a) (Qal) to pass on, to put on

b) (Hiphil) to remove

Strong's Definition

obey- 8085 shama` (shaw-mah'); a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.): KJV-- X attentively, call (gather) together, X carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content, declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make to) hear (-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be) obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim (-ation), publish, regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell, understand, whosoever [heareth], witness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

8085 shama`-

as a verb:

1) to hear, to listen to, to obey

a) (Qal)

1) to hear (perceive by ear)

2) to hear of or concerning

3) to hear (have power to hear)

4) to hear with attention or interest, to listen to

5) to understand (language)

6) to hear (used of judicial cases)

7) to listen, to give heed

a) to consent, to agree

b) to grant request

8) to listen to, to yield to

9) to obey, to be obedient

b) (Niphal)

1) to be heard (used of voice or sound)

2) to be heard of

3) to be regarded, to be obeyed

c) (Piel) to cause to hear, to call to hear, to summon

d) (Hiphil)

1) to cause to hear, to tell, to proclaim, to utter a sound

2) to sound aloud (a musical term)

3) to make proclamation, to summon

4) to cause to be heard

as a masculine noun:

2) sound

Strong's Definition

voice- 6963 qowl (kole); or qol (kole); from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a voice or sound: KJV-- + aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+out), fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, [pro-] claim, proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder (-ing), voice, + yell.

Keep- 8104 shamar (shaw-mar'); a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:

KJV-- beward, be circumspect, take heed (toself), keep (-erself,), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch (-man). Strong's Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

8104 shamar-

to keep, to guard, to observe, to give heed

a) (Qal)

1) to keep, to have charge of

2) to keep, to guard, to keep watch and ward, to protect, to save life; watch, a watchman (participle)

3) to watch for, to wait for

4) to watch, to observe

5) to keep, to retain, to treasure up (in memory)

6) to keep (within bounds), to restrain

7) to observe, to celebrate, to keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), to perform (a vow)

8) to keep, to preserve, to protect

9) to keep, to reserve

b) (Niphal)

1) to be on one's guard, to take heed, to take care, to beware

2) to keep oneself, to refrain, to abstain

3) to be kept, to be guarded

c) (Piel) to keep, to pay heed

d) (Hithpael) to keep oneself from

Strong's Definition

covenant- 1285 beriyth (ber-eeth'); from 1262 (in the sense of cutting [like 1254]); a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh): -confederacy, [con-] feder [-ate], covenant, league.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1285 beriyth-

1) covenant, alliance, pledge

a) between men

1) a treaty, an alliance, a league (man to man)

2) a constitution, an ordinance (monarch to subjects)

3) an agreement, a pledge (man to man)

4) an alliance (used of friendship)

5) an alliance (used of marriage)

b) between God and man

1) an alliance (used of friendship)

2) a covenant (divine ordinance with signs or pledges)

2) (phrases)

a) covenant making

b) covenant keeping

c) covenant violation

1262 barah (baw-raw'); a primitive root; to select; also (as denominative from 1250) to feed; also (as equivalent to 1305) to render clear (Eccl. 3:18): KJV-- choose, (cause to) eat, manifest, (give) meat.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1262 barah-

to eat, to consume

a) (Qal) to eat

b) (Piel) for eating, devouring

c) (Hiphil) to cause to eat

1254 bara' (baw-raw'); a primitive root; (absolutely) to create; (qualified) to cut down (a wood), select, feed (as formative processes): -choose, create (creator), cut down, dispatch, do, make (fat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1254 bara'-

1) to create, to shape, to form

a) (Qal) to shape, to fashion, to create (always with God as subject)

1) used of heaven and earth

2) used of individual man

3) used of new conditions and circumstances

4) used of transformations

b) (Niphal) to be created

1) used of heaven and earth

2) used of birth

3) used of something new

4) used of miracles

c) (Piel)

1) to cut down

2) to cut out

2) to be fat; (Hiphil) to make yourselves fat

Strong's Definition

shall be- 1961 hayah (haw-yaw); a primitive root [compare 1933]; to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary): KJV-- beacon, X altogether, be (-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit (oneself-), require, X use.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1961 hayah-

to be, to become, to come to pass, to exist, to happen, to fall out

a) (Qal)

1) to befall

a) to happen, to fall out, to occur, to take place, to come about, to come to pass

b) to come about, to come to pass

2) to come into being, to become

a) to arise, to appear, to come

b) to become

1) to become

2) to become like

3) to be instituted, to be established

3) to be

a) to exist, to be in existence

b) to abide, to remain, to continue (with word of place or time)

c) to stand, to lie, to be in, to be at, to be situated (with word of locality)

d) to accompany, to be with

b) (Niphal)

1) to occur, to come to pass, to be done, to be brought about

2) to be done, to be finished, to be gone

1933 hava' (haw-vaw'); or havah (haw-vaw'); a primitive root [compare 183, 1961] supposed to mean properly, to breathe; to be (in the sense of existence):

KJV-- be, X have.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1933 hava' or havah-

(Qal)

a) to fall

b) to be, to become, to exist, to happen

Strong's Definition

peculiar treasure- 5459 cegullah (seg-ool-law'); feminine passive participle of an unused root meaning to shut up; wealth (as closely shut up): KJV-- jewel, peculiar (treasure), proper good, special.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5459 cegullah-

a possession, property

a) valued property, peculiar treasure

b) a treasure

unto me-8705 le- (le); a prefixed (inseparable) preposition; sometimes it appears with the definite article (la-, le-). It means: (1) to, toward; (2) at, in; (3) till, until; (4) in order to, for the purpose of; (5) for, belonging to, with respect to, in regard to, according to. It is frequently found combined with lahen (therefore), laken (so, thus, therefore), lamah (why?). When it is joined with substantives and or adjectives, it sometimes can be translated as an adverb, e. g. lesheqer (falsely), letsedeq (fairly). Sometimes it is equivalent to the direct object marker (see 853). It can be combined with a wide variety of pronominal suffixes. Strong's Definition

***. This word was not included in the original Strong's Dictionary but is found in other Hebrew lexicons. Alphabetically it belongs between Strong's number 3807 and 3808.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

8705 le-

(le); a prefixed (inseparable) preposition; sometimes it appears

with the definite article (la-, le-). It means:

1) to, toward;

2) at, in;

3) till, until;

4) in order to, for the purpose of;

5) for, belonging to, with respect to, in regard to, according to.

It is frequently found combined with lahen (therefore), laken (so, thus, therefore), lamah (why?). When it is joined with substantives and or adjectives, it sometimes can be translated as an adverb, e. g. lesheqer (falsely), letsedeq (fairly). Sometimes it is equivalent to the direct object marker (see 853). It can be combined with a wide variety of pronominal suffixes..

This word was not included in the original Strong's Dictionary but is found in other Hebrew lexicons. Alphabetically it belongs between Strong's number 3807 and 3808.

Strong's Definition

People- 5971 `am (am); from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock: KJV-- folk, men, nation, people.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5971 `am-

1) a nation, a people

a) a people, a nation

b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

2) a kinsman, kindred

6004 `amam (aw-mam'); a primitive root; to associate; by implication, to overshadow (by huddling together): KJV-- become dim, hide.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

6004 `amam-

to dim, to darken, to grow dark

a) (Qal) to dim, to eclipse, to be held dark

b) (Hophal) to be dimmed, to grow dark

Strong's Definition

earth- 776 'erets (eh'-rets); from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land): KJV-- X common, country, earth, field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

776 'erets-

land, earth

a) earth

1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

3) earth (inhabitants)

b) land

1) country, territory

2) a district, a region

3) a tribal territory

4) a piece of ground

5) the land of Canaan, Israel

6) the inhabitants of land

7) Sheol, a land without return, (under) world

8) city (-state)

c) the ground, the surface of the earth

1) the ground

2) the soil

d) (in phrases)

1) people of the land

2) the space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)

3) level country (a plain)

4) the land of the living

5) end(s) of the earth

e) (almost wholly late in usage); lands, countries; often in contrast to Canaan

Strong's Definition

mine- 8705 le- (le); a prefixed (inseparable) preposition; sometimes it appears with the definite article (la-, le-). It means: (1) to, toward; (2) at, in; (3) till, until; (4) in order to, for the purpose of; (5) for, belonging to, with respect to, in regard to, according to. It is frequently found combined with lahen (therefore), laken (so, thus, therefore), lamah (why?). When it is joined with substantives and or adjectives, it sometimes can be translated as an adverb, e. g. lesheqer (falsely), letsedeq (fairly). Sometimes it is equivalent to the direct object marker (see 853). It can be combined with a wide variety of pronominal suffixes.

***. This word was not included in the original Strong's Dictionary but is found in other Hebrew lexicons. Alphabetically it belongs between Strong's number 3807 and 3808.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

8705 le-

(le); a prefixed (inseparable) preposition; sometimes it appears

with the definite article (la-, le-). It means:

1) to, toward;

2) at, in;

3) till, until;

4) in order to, for the purpose of;

5) for, belonging to, with respect to, in regard to, according to.

This word was not included in the original Strong's Dictionary but is found in other Hebrew lexicons. Alphabetically it belongs between Strong's number 3807 and 3808.

The land shall not be sold for ever: for the land is mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with me. Lev 25:23

Strong's Definition

Land- 776 'erets (eh'-rets); from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land): KJV-- X common, country, earth, field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

776 'erets-

land, earth

a) earth

1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

3) earth (inhabitants)

b) land

1) country, territory

2) a district, a region

3) a tribal territory

4) a piece of ground

5) the land of Canaan, Israel

6) the inhabitants of land

7) Sheol, a land without return, (under) world

8) city (-state)

c) the ground, the surface of the earth

1) the ground

2) the soil

d) (in phrases)

1) people of the land

2) the space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)

3) level country (a plain)

4) the land of the living

5) end(s) of the earth

e) (almost wholly late in usage); lands, countries; often in contrast to Canaan

Strong's Definition

sold- 4376 makar (maw-kar'); a primitive root; to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender): KJV-- X at all, sell (away, -erself,).

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

4376 makar-

to sell

a) (Qal)

1) to sell

2) seller (participle)

b) (Niphal)

1) to be sold

2) to sell oneself

3) to be given over to death

c) (Hithpael) to sell oneself

Strong's Definition

forever- 6783 tsemiythuth (tsem-ee-thooth'); or tsemithuth (tsem-ee-thooth'); from 6789; excision, i.e. destruction; used only (adverbially) with prepositional prefix to extinction, i.e. perpetually: KJV-- ever.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

6783 tsemiythuth or tsemithuth-

completion, finality, in perpetuity

6789 tsamath (tsaw-math'); a primitive root; to extirpate (literally or figuratively):KJV-- consume, cut off, destroy, vanish.

***. tsemithuth. See 6783.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

6789 tsamath-

to put an end to, to cut off, to destroy, to exterminate, to extirpate

a) (Qal) to put an end to, to terminate

b) (Niphal) to be ended, to be annihilated, to be exterminated

c) (Piel) to put an end to

d) (Pilel) to be exterminated, to be annihilated

e) (Hiphil) to exterminate, to annihilate

stranger’s- 1616 ger (gare); or (fully) geyr (gare); from 1481; properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner: KJV-- alien, sojourner, stranger. Strong's Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1616 ger or (fully) geyr-

sojourner

a) a temporary inhabitant, a newcomer lacking inherited rights

b) used of foreigners within Israel, though they had conceded rights

1481 guwr (goor); a primitive root; properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place); also to gather for hostility (as afraid): KJV-- abide, assemble, be afraid, dwell, fear, gather (together), inhabitant, remain, sojourn, stand in awe, (be) stranger, X surely.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

1481 guwr-

1) to sojourn, to abide, to dwell in, to dwell with, to remain, to inhabit, to be a stranger, to be continuing, surely

a) (Qal)

1) to sojourn, to dwell for a time

2) to abide, to stay, to temporarily dwell

b) (Hithpolel)

1) to seek hospitality with

2) to assemble oneself

2) to stir up trouble, to strife, to quarrel, to gather together

a) (Qal)

1) to stir up strife

2) to quarrel

b) (Hithpolel) to excite oneself

3) to dread, to fear, to stand in awe, to be afraid (Qal)

1) to fear, to be afraid

2) to be in awe, to stand in awe

sojourner- 8453 towshab (to-shawb'); or toshab (1 Kings 17:1) (to-shawb'); from 3427; a dweller (but not outlandish [5237]); especially (as distinguished from a native citizen [active participle of 3427] and a temporary inmate [1616] or mere lodger [3885]) resident alien: KJV-- foreigner, inhabitant, sojourner, stranger. Strong's Definition

3427 yashab (yaw-shab'); a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry: KJV-- (make to) abide (-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell (-ing), easeself, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit (-ant), make to keep [house], lurking, X marry (-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set (-tle), (down-) sit (-down, still, -ting down, -ting [place] -uate), take, tarry.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

3427 yashab-

to dwell, to remain, to sit, to abide

a) (Qal)

1) to sit, to sit down

2) to be set

3) to remain, to stay

4) to dwell, to have one's abode

b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

c) (Piel) to set, to place

d) (Hiphil)

1) to cause to sit

2) to cause to abide, to set

3) to cause to dwell

4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

5) to marry (that is, to give an dwelling to)

e) (Hophal)

1) to be inhabited

2) to make to dwell

5237 nokriy (nok-ree'); from 5235 (second form); strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful): KJV-- alien, foreigner, outlandish, strange (-r, woman).

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5237 nokriy-

foreign, alien

a) foreign

b) a foreigner (substantive)

c) a foreign woman, a harlot

d) unknown, unfamiliar (figuratively)

5235 neker (neh'-ker); or noker (no'-ker); from 5234; something strange, i.e. unexpected calamity: KJV-- strange.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5235 neker or noker-

a calamity, a disaster, a misfortune

5234 nakar (naw-kar'); a primitive root; properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspicion implied), to disregard, ignore, be strange toward, reject, resign, dissimulate (as if ignorant or disowning): KJV-- acknowledge, X could, deliver, discern, dissemble, estrange, feignself to be another, know, take knowledge (notice), perceive, regard, (have) respect, behave (makeself) strange (-ly).

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5234 nakar-

1) to recognize, to acknowledge, to know, to respect, to discern, to regard

a) (Niphal) to be recognized

b) (Piel) to regard

c) (Hiphil)

1) to regard, to observe, to pay attention to, to pay regard to, to notice

2) to recognize (as formerly known), to perceive

3) to be willing to recognize or acknowledge, to acknowledge with honor

4) to be acquainted with

5) to distinguish, to understand

d) (Hithpael) to make oneself known

2) to act or treat as foreign or strange, to disguise, to misconstrue

a) (Niphal) to disguise oneself

b) (Piel)

1) to treat as foreign (profane)

2) to misconstrue

c) (Hithpael)

1) to act as alien

2) to disguise oneself

3885 luwn (loon); or liyn (leen); a primitive root; to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain): KJV-- abide (all night), continue, dwell, endure, grudge, be left, lie all night, (cause to) lodge (all night, in, -ing, this night), (make to) murmur, remain, tarry (all night, that night).

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

3885 luwn or liyn-

1) to lodge, to stop over, to pass the night, to abide

a) (Qal)

1) to lodge, to pass the night

2) to abide, to remain (figurative)

b) (Hiphil) to cause to rest or lodge

c) (Hithpalpel) to dwell, to abide

2) to grumble, to complain, to murmur

a) (Niphal) to grumble

b) (Hiphil) to complain, to cause to grumble

You, even you, Yahweh alone; you have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth, and all things that are therein, the seas, and all that is therein, and you preserve them all; and the host of heaven worshippeth you. Neh 9:6

The earth is Yahweh’s, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein. Ps 24:1

Ps 50:10-12

For every beast of the forest is mine, and the cattle upon a yousand hills. I know all the fowls of the mountains: and the wild beasts of the field are mine. If I were hungry, I would not tell you: for the world is mine, and the fulness thereof.

The heavens are yours, the earth also is yours: as for the world and the fulness thereof, you have founded them. Ps 89:11

This saith Yahweh the Father, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which come out of it; he that give breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein: Isa 42:5

This saith Yahweh, your redeemer, and he that formed you from the womb, I am Yahweh that make all things; that stretch forth the heavens alone; that spread abroad the earth by myself; Isa 44:24

Acts 17:24-26

Yahweh that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Creator of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands; Neither is worshipped with men's hands, as though he needed any thing, seeing he give to all life, and breath, and all things; And have made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and have determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;

ARTICLE 12

Article 12 establishes and records the boundaries allotted by decision of the Courts of Heaven which can not be removed

YAHWEH DIVIDED THE EARTH AMONG ALL PEOPLE

Deut 32:8-9

When the Most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the people according to the number of the children of Israel. For Yahweh’s portion is his people; Jacob is the lot of his inheritance.

And have made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and have determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation; Acts 17:26

ARTICLE 13

Article 13 discusses the allotted land given by inheritance, which was established in the beginning by the Heavenly Court, and which can not be changed.

YAHWEH’S LAND ALLOTTED AMONG THE TRIBES OF ISRAEL

Num 26:52-56

And Yahweh spake unto Moses, saying, Unto these the land shall be divided for an inheritance according to the number of names. To many you shall give the more inheritance, and to few you shall give the less inheritance: to every one shall his inheritance be given according to those that were numbered of him. Notwithstanding the land shall be divided by lot: according to the names of the tribes of their fathers they shall inherit. According to the lot shall the possession thereof be divided between many and few.

Num 33:53-54

And you shall dispossess the inhabitants of the land, and dwell therein: for I have given you the land to possess it. And you shall divide the land by lot for an inheritance among your families: and to the more you shall give the more inheritance, and to the fewer you shall give the less inheritance: every man's inheritance shall be in the place where his lot falleth; according to the tribes of your fathers you shall inherit.

Num 34:2-12

Command the children of Israel, and say unto them, When you come into the land of Canaan; (this is the land that shall fall unto you for an inheritance, even the land of Canaan with the coasts thereof:) Then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the coast of Edom, and your south border shall be the outmost coast of the salt sea eastward: And your border shall turn from the south to the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass on to Zin: and the going forth thereof shall be from the south to Kadesh-barnea, and shall go on to Hazar-addar, and pass on to Azmon: And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea. And as for the western border, you shall even have the great sea for a border: this shall be your west border.

And this shall be your north border: from the great sea you shall point out for you mount Hor: From mount Hor you shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad: And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the goings out of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border. And you shall point out your east border from Hazar-enan to Shepham: And the coast shall go down from Shepham to Riblah, on the east side of Ain; and the border shall descend, and shall reach unto the side of the sea of Chinnereth eastward: And the border shall go down to Jordan, and the goings out of it shall be at the salt sea: this shall be your land with the coasts thereof round about.

And you shall take one prince of every tribe, to divide the land by inheritance. Num 34:18

And they said, Yahweh commanded my lord to give the land for an inheritance by lot to the children of Israel: and my ruler was commanded by Yahweh to give the inheritance of Zelophehad our brother unto his daughters. Num 36:2

So Joshua took the whole land, according to all that Yahweh said unto Moses; and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. And the land rested from war. Josh 11:23

Josh 14:1-5

And these are the countries which the children of Israel inherited in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed for inheritance to them. By lot was their inheritance, as Yahweh commanded by the hand of Moses, for the nine tribes, and for the half tribe. For Moses had given the inheritance of two tribes and an half tribe on the other side Jordan: but unto the Levites he gave none inheritance among them. For the children of Joseph were two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim: therefore they gave no part unto the Levites in the land, save cities to dwell in, with their suburbs for their cattle and for their substance. As Yahweh commanded Moses, so the children of Israel did, and they divided the land.

And Yahweh gave unto Israel all the land which he sware to give unto their fathers; and they possessed it, and dwelt therein Josh 21:43

PART 1

Title To Land Not Transferable

From Tribe To Tribe

Num 36:4-9

And when the jubilee of the children of Israel shall be, then shall their inheritance be put unto the inheritance of the tribe whereunto they are received: so shall their inheritance be taken away from the inheritance of the tribe of our fathers. And Moses commanded the children of Israel according to the word of Yahweh, saying, The tribe of the sons of Joseph have said well. This is the thing which Yahweh doth command concerning the daughters of Zelophehad, saying, Let them marry to whom they think best; only to the family of the tribe of their father shall they marry. So shall not the inheritance of the children of Israel remove from tribe to tribe: for every one of the children of Israel shall keep himself to the inheritance of the tribe of his fathers. And every daughter, that possesseth an inheritance in any tribe of the children of Israel, shall be wife unto one of the family of the tribe of her father, that the children of Israel may enjoy every man the inheritance of his fathers. Neither shall the inheritance remove from one tribe to another tribe; but every one of the tribes of the children of Israel shall keep himself to his own inheritance.

CASE NO. JER0121-17 COMPLAINT

YEREMIAH vs JUDAH & FOREIGN NATIONS (SYRIA, MOAB & AMMON)

Jer 12:14-17

This saith Yahweh against all mine evil neighbours, that touch the inheritance which I have caused my people Israel to inherit; Behold, I will pluck them out of their land, and pluck out the House of Judah from among them. And it shall come to pass, after that I have plucked them out I will return, and have compassion on them, and will bring them again, every man to his heritage, and every man to his land. And it shall come to pass, if they will diligently learn the ways of my people, to swear by my name, Yahweh liveth; as they taught my people to swear by Baal; then shall they be built in the midst of my people. But if they will not obey, I will utterly pluck up and destroy that nation, saith Yahweh.

PART 2

Levites Have No Inheritance

Among Israel

Num 18:20-24

And Yahweh spoke unto Aaron, You shall have no inheritance in their land, neither shall you have any part among them: I am your part and your inheritance among the children of Israel. And, behold, I have given the children of Levi all the tenth in Israel for an inheritance, for their service which they serve, even the service of the tabernacle of the congregation. Neither must the children of Israel henceforth come near the tabernacle of the congregation, lest they bear sin, and die. But the Levites shall do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation, and they shall bear their iniquity: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations, that among the children of Israel they have no inheritance. But the tithes of the children of Israel, which they offer as an heave offering unto Yahweh, I have given to the Levites to inherit: therefore I have said unto them, Among the children of Israel they shall have no inheritance.

Deut 10:8-9

At that time Yahweh separated the tribe of Levi, to bear the ark of the covenant of Yahweh, to stand before Yahweh to minister unto him, and to bless in his name, unto this day. Wherefore Levi have no part nor inheritance with his brethren; Yahweh is his inheritance, according as Yahweh your Father promised him.

Deut 18:1-2

The priests the Levites, and all the tribe of Levi, shall have no part nor inheritance with Israel: they shall eat the offerings of Yahweh made by fire, and his inheritance. Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: Yahweh is their inheritance, as he have said unto them.

Section 1—1013 Cities Within Tribal Land To Be Given To The Levites

Num 35:2-8

Command the children of Israel, that they give unto the Levites of the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and you shall give also unto the Levites suburbs for the cities round about them. And the cities shall they have to dwell in; and the suburbs of them shall be for their cattle, and for their goods, and for all their beasts. And the suburbs of the cities, which you shall give unto the Levites, shall reach from the wall of the city and outward a thousand cubits round about. And you shall measure from without the city on the east side two thousand cubits, and on the south side two thousand cubits, and on the west side two thousand cubits, and on the north side two thousand cubits; and the city shall be in the midst: this shall be to them the suburbs of the cities. And among the cities which you shall give unto the Levites there shall be six cities for refuge, which you shall appoint for the manslayer, that he may flee there: and to them you shall add forty and two cities. So all the cities which you shall give to the Levites shall be forty and eight cities: them shall you give with their suburbs. And the cities which you shall give shall be of the possession of the children of Israel: from them that have many you shall give many; but from them that have few you shall give few: every one shall give of his cities unto the Levites according to his inheritance which he inheriteth.

Josh 21:1-3

Then came near the heads of the fathers of the Levites unto Eleazar the priest, and unto Joshua the son of Nun, and unto the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel; And they spake unto them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying, Yahweh commanded by the hand of Moses to give us cities to dwell in, with the suburbs thereof for our cattle. And the children of Israel gave unto the Levites out of their inheritance, at the commandment of Yahweh, these cities and their suburbs.

ARTICLE 14

Article 14 states the Jubilee Year is the time of redemption and release of property. The allotted inheritance prevents the permanent sale of land.

RELEASE OF LAND IN JUBILEE YEAR

Lev 25:8-10

And you shall number seven sabbaths of years unto you, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto you forty and nine years. Then shall you cause the trumpet of the jubilee to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall you make the trumpet sound throughout all your land. And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubilee unto you; and you shall return every man unto his possession, and you shall return every man unto his family.

Lev 25:13-17

In the year of this jubilee you shall return every man unto his possession. And if you sell ought unto your neighbour, or buy ought of your neighbour's hand, you shall not oppress one another: According to the number of years after the jubilee you shall buy of your neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto you: According to the multitude of years you shall increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of years you shall diminish the price of it: for according to the number of the years of the fruits doth he sell unto you. You shall not therefore oppress one another; but you shall fear Yahweh: for I am Yahweh your Father.

Lev 25:23-28

The land shall not be sold for ever: for the land is mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with me. And in all the land of your possession you shall grant a redemption for the land. If your brother be waxen poor, and have sold away some of his possession, and if any of his kin come to redeem it, then shall he redeem that which his brother sold. And if the man have none to redeem it, and himself be able to redeem it; Then let him count the years of the sale thereof, and restore the overplus unto the man to whom he sold it; that he may return unto his possession. But if he be not able to restore it to him, then that which is sold shall remain in the hand of him that have bought it until the year of jubilee: and in the jubilee it shall go out, and he shall return unto his possession.

Lev 25:31

But the houses of the villages which have no wall round about them shall be counted as the fields of the country: they may be redeemed, and they shall go out in the jubilee.

Lev 25:33-34

And if a man purchase of the Levites, then the house that was sold, and the city of his possession, shall go out in the year of jubilee: for the houses of the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israel. But the field of the suburbs of their cities may not be sold; for it is their perpetual possession.

PART 1

Land Is Not Permanently Sold

Prohibiton 227 The Land must not be sold permanently.

But the PASTURELAND BELONGING TO THEIR TOWNS MUST NOT BE SOLD; it is their permanent possession. Lev 25:34

Lev 25:23-28

Section 1—1014 City Property Exception

Lev 25:29-30

And if a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold; within a full year may he redeem it. And if it be not redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city shall be established for ever to him that bought it throughout his generations: it shall not go out in the jubilee.

Section 2—1014 Levites May Redeem Their Property Anytime

Lev 25:32-33

Notwithstanding the cities of the Levites, and the houses of the cities of their possession, may the Levites redeem at any time. And if a man purchase of the Levites, then the house that was sold, and the city of his possession, shall go out in the year of jubilee: for the houses of the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israel.

ARTICLE 15

METHOD OF TRANSFER OF LAND

Article 15 institutes acceptable methods of drafting Deeds of land or property, in addition to proper certification of its purchase.

PART 1

Deed Made

Jer 32:9-14

And I bought the field of Hanameel my uncle's son, that was in Anathoth, and weighed him the money, even seventeen shekels of silver. And I subscribed the evidence, and sealed it, and took witnesses, and weighed him the money in the balances. So I took the evidence of the purchase, both that which was sealed according to the law and custom, and that which was open: And I gave the evidence of the purchase unto Baruch the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, in the sight of Hanameel mine uncle's son, and in the presence of the witnesses that subscribed the book of the purchase, before all the Jews that sat in the court of the prison. And I charged Baruch before them, saying, This saith Yahweh of hosts, the Father of Israel; Take these evidences, this evidence of the purchase, both which is sealed, and this evidence which is open; and put them in an earthen vessel, that they may continue many days.

Strong's Definition

Evidence- 5612 cepher (say'-fer); or (feminine) ciphrah (Psa. 56:8 [9]) (sif-raw'); from 5608; properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book: KJV-- bill, book, evidence, X learn [-ed] (-ing), letter, register, scroll.

Brown-Driver-Briggs’

5612 cepher or (feminine) ciphrah (Psa. 56:8 [9])-

as a feminine noun:

1) book

as a masculine noun:

2) a missive, a document, a writing, a book

a) a missive, a letter (of instruction), a written order, a commission, a request, a written decree

b) a legal document, a certificate of divorce, a deed of purchase, an indictment, a sign

c) a book, a scroll

1) a book of prophecies

2) a genealogical register

3) a law-book

4) a book (of poems)

5) a book (of kings)

6) books of the canon, Scripture

7) a record book (of God)

d) book-; to be able to read (after the verb `to know')

Strong's Definition

purchase- 4736 miqnah (mik-naw'); feminine of 4735; properly, a buying, i.e. acquisition; concretely, a piece of property (land or living); also the sum paid: KJV-- (he that is) bought, possession, piece, purchase.

4735 miqneh (mik-neh');from 7069; something bought, i.e. property, but only livestock; abstractly, acquisition: KJV-- cattle, flock, herd, possession, purchase, substance.

PART 2

Deed Transfer In The

Presence of Witnesses

Jer 32:10-12

And I subscribed the evidence, and sealed it, and took witnesses, and weighed him the money in the balances. So I took the evidence of the purchase, both that which was sealed according to the law and custom, and that which was open: And I gave the evidence of the purchase unto Baruch the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, in the sight of Hanameel mine uncle's son, and in the presence of the witnesses that subscribed the book of the purchase, before all the Jews that sat in the court of the prison.

PART 3

Recording of Deeds

This saith Yahweh of hosts, the Father of Israel; Take these evidences, this evidence of the purchase, both which is sealed, and this evidence which is open; and put them in an earthen vessel, that they may continue many days.Jer 32:14

PART 4

Taking Off Shoe As A Sign Of Releasing

Right To Property

Ruth 4:3-8

And he said unto the kinsman, Naomi, that is come again out of the country of Moab, selleth a parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's: And I thought to advertise you, saying, Buy it before the inhabitants, and before the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, redeem it: but if you will not redeem it, then tell me, that I may know: for there is none to redeem it beside you; and I am after you. And he said, I will redeem it. Then said Boaz, What day you buy the field of the hand of Naomi, you must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance. And the kinsman said, I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance: redeem you my right to yourself; for I cannot redeem it. Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel. Therefore the kinsman said unto Boaz, Buy it for you. So he drew off his shoe.

Ruth 4:7

Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel

[A man plucked off his shoe.] Where the kinsman refused to perform his duty to the family of his deceased relation, his widow was directed to pull off the shoe, with some attendant circumstances of contemptuous disdain. But as in this case there was no refusal, the usual ignominy was spared, and the plucking off the shoe the only ceremony observed, as a pledge of the transaction being completed. The symbolical import of the observance was, that the party surrendered his interest in the land by giving another his shoe, wherein he used himself to walk, in order that he to whom he gave it might enter in and take possession of it. The use of the shoe as a token of right or conveyancing is very prevalent still in, Hindustan and many parts of the East (Roberts' `Oriental Customs'). In medieval times the right-hand glove was used instead of a shoe.

(from Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Commentary)

ARTICLE 16

Article 16 defines usury and forbids its practice on borrowed money.

MORTGAGES ILLEGALLY GIVEN

Neh 5:1-13

And there was a great cry of the people and of their wives against their brethren the Jews. For there were that said, We, our sons, and our daughters, are many: therefore we take up corn for them, that we may eat, and live. Some also there were that said, We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards, and houses, that we might buy corn, because of the dearth.

Mortgage- 6148 `arab (aw-rab'); a primitive root; to braid, i.e. intermix; technically, to traffic (as if by barter); also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange): KJV-- engage, (inter-) meddle (with), mingle (self), mortgage, occupy, give pledges, be (-come, put in) surety, undertake. Strong's Definition

Brown-Driver-Brigg’s 6148 `arab-

to pledge, to exchange, to mortgage, to engage, to occupy, to undertake for, to give pledges, to be (or to become) surety, to take on a pledge, to give in pledge

a) (Qal)

1) to take on a pledge, to go surety for, to guarantee

2) to give in pledge

3) to exchange

4) to pledge

b) (Hithpael)

1) to exchange pledges

2) to have fellowship with, to share

There were also that said, We have borrowed money for the king's tribute, and that upon our lands and vineyards. Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought unto bondage already: neither is it in our power to redeem them; for other men have our lands and vineyards. And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words. Then I consulted with myself, and I rebuked the nobles, and the rulers, and said unto them, You exact usury, every one of his brother. And I set a great assembly against them. And I said unto them, We after our ability have redeemed our brethren the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will you even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Then held they their peace, and found nothing to answer. Also I said, It is not good that you do: ought you not to walk in the fear of Yahweh because of the reproach of the heathen our enemies?

I likewise, and my brethren, and my servants, might exact of them money and corn: I pray you, let us leave off this usury. Restore, I pray you, to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their oliveyards, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the corn, the wine, and the oil, that you exact of them. Then said they, We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do as you say. Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them, that they should do according to this promise. Also I shook my lap, and said, So Yahweh shake out every man from his house, and from his labour, that perform not this promise, even This be he shaken out, and emptied. And all the congregation said, So be it, and praised Yahweh. And the people did according to this promise.

ARTICLE 17

Article 17 states that judgment must be render in a dispute over a sale of property or land.

LAWFUL DEALING TO BE GIVEN IN LAND PURCHASE

Positive Law 245 Judgment must be rendered in disputes arising out of sales

Lev 25:14-17

And IF YOU SELL ANYTHING TO YOUR BROTHER OR BUY FROM YOUR BROTHER’S HAND, YOU SHALL NOT OPPRESS ON ANOTHER. You are to buy from your brother on the basis of the number of years since the Jubilee. And he is to sell to you on the basis of the number of years left for harvesting crops. When the years are many, you are to increase the price, and when the years are few, you are to decrease the price, because what he is really selling you is the number of crops. Do not take advantage of each other, thereby reverencing your Father, for I am Yahweh your Heavenly Father.

Prohibition 227 The land must not be sold permanently.

Lev 25:23-28

ARTICLE 18

Article 18 protects allotted boundaries from alteration and removal.

NEIGHBOR’S LANDMARK NOT TO BE REMOVED

Prohibition 246 Do not remove a landmark or alter land boundaries.

YOU MUST NOT REMOVE YOUR BROTHER’S LANDMARK, which your predecessors have set in your inheritance, which you will inherit in the land Yahweh your Father is giving you. Lev 19:35

Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour's landmark. And all the people shall say, So be it. Deut 27:17

Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set. Pro 22:28 KJV

Remove not the old landmark; and enter not into the fields of the fatherless: Prov 23:10

Prohibition 272 Do not use dishonest weights and measures.

DO NOT USE DISHONEST STANDARDS WHEN MEASURING LENGTH, WEIGHT: OR QUANITY Lev 19:35

Artilcle 11 Yahweh is the owner of the earth

Article 12 Yahweh divided the earth

Article 13 Yahweh's land allotted

Article 13 Part 1 Land not transferable

Article 13 Part 2 Levites has no ineritance

Section 1—1013 Cities Within Tribal Land To Be Given To The Levites

Article 14 Release of land in Jubile Year

Article 14 Part 1 Land is not to be sold permanently

Section 1—1014 City Property Exception

Section 2—1014 Levites May Redeem Their Property Anytime

ARTICLE 15 METHOD OF TRANSFER OF LAND

Article 15 Part 1 Deed made

Article 15 Part 2 Deed transfer in presence of witnesses

Article 15 Part 3 Record Deed

Article 15 Part 4 Sign of releasing property right

Article 16 Mortgage illegally given

Article 17 Lawful dealing in land purchase

Article 18 Do not remove landmark